MYTH: Chameleons change colors to camouflage themselves.
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In pop culture, chameleons are thought of as spiky lizards that change their skin to fit any color or pattern in their surroundings. This belief makes them metaphors for things like disguisable military technology and talented actors.
But while their color-changing abilities are prodigious, they mostly use it to maintain a certain body temperature and as a way to communicate with other chameleons, not to hide from predators.
In any case, cuttlefish are much better at changing colors to fit their surroundings.
